- in a key development for modern physics, electricity and magnetism were `unified' into electromagnetism
- the connection develops from the fact that an electric current (the flow of electrons in a metal) produces a magnetic field
- Faraday shows that a changing electric field produces a magnetic field and, vice-versus, a changing magnetic field produces an electric current
- Maxwell completes the theory with a full mathematical description of the relationship between electric and magnetic fields = electromagnetism
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